Adam's apple.................. see ‘Throat’

Adversary................. see ‘Opponent’

Alert; state of continued alertness................. Hontai

All; totality................. Zen

Ancient/Classical................. Koryu

Ancient/Classical martial arts and ways................. Kobudo

Ancient martial arts................. Koryu Bujutsu

Ancient Forms of Five (unfinished) ................. Itsutsu No Kata

Angle................. see ‘Corner’

Ankle (lit. neck of leg) ................. Ashi kubi

Ankle crush................. Ashi kubi hishigi

Anza................. sitting cross-legged, ‘indian style’

Archery, way of................. Kyudo

Arm................. Wan, Ude, also see ‘Hand’

Arm joint lock (applied to elbow)................. Ude gatame

Arm lock entangled (coiled)................. Ude garami

Arm stick................. Shubo

Arm strikes................. Ude ate

Attack; also sword (as in kendo); also fist................. Ken

Attacker/receiver, on whom tori applies technique................. Uke

‘Attention!’ (command)................. Kiotsuke

Augmented................. Moro

Austere, severe training................. Shygyo

Back, reverse or hidden................. Ura

Back fist strike................. Uraken

Back throw................. Ura nage

Back of the hand................. Haishu

Back hand strike................. Haishu uchi

Balance, breaking of (process of uncentering)................. Kuzushi

Basic, foundational................. Hon

Basic................. Kihon

Basic sparring................. Kihon kumite

Bayonet, art of................. Jukenjutsu

‘Begin!’ (command) ................. Hajime

Belt................. Obi

Belt grab................. Obi dori

Belt throw................. Obi nage

Big, large, major................. O

Black belt holder................. Yudansha

Black belt association................. Yudanshakai

Block (e.g., jodan uke) ................. Uke

Block, double forearm................. Morote uke

Block, low knife-hand................. Gedan shuto uke

Block, low (sweeping)................. Gedan barai

Block, low cross (arm)................. Gedan juji uke

Block, hook................. Kake uke

Block/support/prop................. Sasae

Blocking, lifting, pulling foot (throw)................. Sasae tsuri komi ashi

Body blows................. Atemi (from "ateru" to strike and "mi" for body)

Body striking/kicking techniques................. Atemi waza

Body drop (throw)................. Tai otoshi

Body turning; see also ‘Moving’................. Tenkan ho

Bounce................. see ‘Rebound’

Bow (n)................. Yumi

Bow (command)................. Rei

Bow, kneeling................. Za rei

Bow, standing................. Ritsu rei

Break................. see ‘Crush’

Breakfalling (lit., receiving fall)................. Ukemi

Breakfalling techniques................. Ukemi waza

Breathing. Also refers to entrapping aggressor in one's own ki................. Kokyu

Breathing, deep abdominal................. Fukushiki kokyu

Breath control................. Kokyu-ho

Breath throw................. Kokyu nage

Broken, modified................. Kuzure

Calf................. Kusazuri

Calf, base of................. Gashizahira

Calm. Immovable mind. Remaining calm, maintaining presence of mind under pressure................. Fudoshin

Calmness within motion................. Dochu no sei

Carotid artery, Left................. Matsukaze

Carotid artery, Right................. Murasame

Catalog of techniques; also license................. Mokuroku

Caution, warning (penalty), serious, in contest judo................. Keikoku

Caution, warning, in contest judo (referee's)................. Chui

Caution, warning, mild, in contest judo................. Shido

Center, stomach, just below navel................. Hara, Tanden

Championship; big meeting................. Taikai

Chest................. Mune

Chest hold................. Mune gatame

Chest push................. Mune oshi

Chin.................. see ‘Jaw’

Choke................. see ‘Strangle’

Circle................. Tomoe

Circle throw (single leg stomach throw)................. Tomoe nage

Classical................. see ‘Ancient’

Classical martial arts (same as bujutsu)................. Bugei

Classical Martial Arts Association, Japanese................. Nihon Kobuto Kyokai

Clear state of mind and perfect body, (Shinto concept)................. Sumikiri

Collarbone................. Sakotsu

Collarbone, strike on, with knife-hand................. Sakotsu shuto

Combination techniques (involves changing direction)................. Renraku waza

Competing (with one’s self)................. Tame shiai

Concealed, hidden, secret................. Hiden

Concentration................. see ‘Focus’, ‘End vigilance’

‘Continue!’ (command)................. Yoshi

Contest................. Shiai, also see ‘Fight’

Cooling off exercises................. Shumatsu undo

Corner; angle................. Sumi

Corner or angle drop (throw)................. Sumi otoshi

Corner or angle throw................. Sumi gaeshi

Countering techniques................. Kaeshi waza

Crescent kick................. Mikazuki geri

Crescent-hand strike................. Mikazukite uchi

Cross................. Juji (as in juji uke, cross block)

Cross strangle, normal................. Nami juji jime

Cross body kick................. Naname geri, Kesa geri

Cross body strike (oblique)................. Naname tsuki

Cross-body arm lock................. Juji gatame

Crossed arm throw................. Juji nage

Cross block................. Juji uke

Cross block, high................. Jodan juji uke

Crush, break, lock................. Hishigi

Cut................. see ‘Slash’

Deceive, to feint (v)................. Damasu

Deception, feint (n)................. Damashi

‘Decision!’ (referee's request upon completion of scoreless judo match)................. Hantei

Decision, forms of................. Kime No Kata

Decisiveness/Focus................. Kime

Defeat................. Make

Defend (v)................. Fusegu

Defender, demonstrator of technique................. Tori

Deflection techniques................. Sorasu Waza

Demonstrator................. see ‘Defender’

Directions of breaking balance................. Happo No Kuzushi

Displace (v); shift................. Utsuru

Disqualification (in contest judo) ................. Hansoku make

Distance (both physical and psychological between opponents)................. Ma-ai

Distance fighting techniques................. Chikama No Waza, Tohma No Waza

Distraction................. see ‘Empty moment’

Disciple.................. see ‘Inner Circle’

Divine................. Kami

Dodging................. see ‘Evasion’

Downward (as in downward strike)................. Oroshi

Downward slash................. Kirikomi

Draw (in contest judo) ................. Hikiwake

Drop................. Otoshi (as in taiotoshi)

Ears................. Mimi

Efficiency. An essential principle employed by several martial arts stressing the use of the energy of Wa and Ki from the hara................. Seiryoku zen-yo

Egolessness, selflessness, humility................. Muga

Eight................. Hachi

Eighth degree black belt holder................. Hachidan

Elbow................. Empi, Hiji

Elbow strike................. Empi uchi

Elbow lock throw................. Tenbin nage

Elbow strike, downward................. Otoshi empi uchi

Eleven................. Ju-ichi

Empty moment, distraction; loss of concentration resulting in an opening for attack................. Suki

Enemy, opponent................. Teki

Energy (vital), life force................. Ki

Entering throw................. Irimi Nage

Entering techniques (techniques of moving toward or past opponent without clashing or colliding) ................. Irimi waza

Enthusiasm................. Nesshin

Entries into groundwork................. Hairi kata

Escape/defensive techniques................. Fusegi waza

Escape techniques (on the ground)................. Nigeru Waza

Etiquette, in the dojo................. Reigisaho

Evasion/dodging techniques................. Furimi waza

Exercises.................. see ‘Individual exercises’

Excuse me/pardon me................. Sumimasen

Exposed................. see ‘Front’

Eyes, strike to both................. Ryogan tsuki

Face................. Gammen, Men

Fatigued.................. see ‘Tired’

Favorite techniques................. Tokui waza

Feint, a false attack; see also ‘Decieve’................. Sorashi

Fight, contest................. Shobu

Finger................. Yubi (as in Yubi nage, finger throw)

Finger lock................. Yubi gatame

First/former. Also means taking the initiative................. Sen

Fitting and throwing on the move, alternating (judo)................. Sute geiko

Five................. Go

Five directions strikes................. Goho ate

Five directions kicks................. Goho geri

Five-finger strike................. Gohon

Five Principles, techniques of the path to the................. Gokyo No Waza

Flexibility................. see ‘Ten’

Flexibility/gentleness, forms of................. Ju No Kata

Flexible, yielding, or soft mind or heart................. Jushin

Floating................. Uki

Floating hip (throw)................. Uki goshi

Floating drop (throw)................. Uki otoshi

Floating throw................. Uki waza

Flowing punch (thrust)................. Nagashi Tsuki

Flowing block................. Nagashi uke

Flying scissors (throw)................. Kani basami

Focus, concentration (n)................. Shuchu see also ‘Decisiveness’

Focus, concentrate (v)................. Shuchu suru

Focusing of power................. Shuchu Ryoku

Focusing of eyes, and their strategic use in combative situations. Ability to sense an attack................. Metsuke

Foot/leg................. Ashi

Foot/leg techniques................. Ashi waza

Foot/leg strikes................. Ashi ate

Foot, ball of................. Chusoku

Foot entanglement (joint locking technique)................. Ashi garami

Foot soldier, in feudal Japan................. Ashigaru

Foot sword (a kick with outside sharp edge of foot)................. Ashigatana

Foot combat................. Toho sen

Foot movement................. Unsoku

Force, incorrect application of................. Muri

Forearm (between wrist and elbow)................. Kote

Forearm block................. Ude uke

Forearm press block................. Maeude deai uke

Forearm twist block................. Maeude hinieri uke

Forward................. Zenpo

Forward spinning/rotating roll................. Zenpo kaiten

Forward jumping spinning breakfall................. Zenpo tobi ukemi

Forward lunge punch (same side hand and leg).................Oi tsuki

Four................. Yon/Shi

Four-quarters hold, upper................. Kami shiho gatame

Four directions................. Shiho

Four directions throw................. Shiho nage

Four corner hold, straight locking................. Tate shiho gatame

Fourth degree black belt holder................. Yondan, Yodan

Fourth level principles (in Aikido)................. Yonkajo

‘Freeze!’ (command)................. Sono mama

Front................. Mae

Front kick................. Mae geri

Front snap kick................. Mae geri keage

Front thrust kick................. Mae geri kekomi

Front elbow blow................. Mae hiji ate

Front, exposed, visible, manifest (ant.: Ura-hidden)................. Omote

Front kick (high)................. Taka geri

Front of fist (two knuckles, fist sword)................. Seiken, Kento

Frontal strike, with first two knuckle joints................. Seiken uchi

General; absolute military ruler in feudal Japan................. Shogun

Glaive, Japanese................. Naginata

Glaive, Japanese (large blade)................. Nagamaki

‘Goodbye’................. Sayonara

‘Good morning’................. Ohayo Gozaimasu

‘Good evening’................. Konbanwa

‘Good afternoon’, ‘hello’................. Konichiwa

Government, administrative bureaucracy of feudal Japan................. Bakufu

Grand Master of a traditional ryu; headmaster................. Soke

Grappling, techniques................. Katame no waza

Grappling, in armor on the battlefield................. Yoroi kumiuchi

Grappling, unarmed................. Kowami, Koppo

Groin................. Kinteki

Groin kick................. Kin geri

Group exercises................. Sotai renshu

Group fighting................. Ichitaita (lit. ‘One against many’)

Ground fighting, techniques................. Ne-waza

Half point (in judo contest (almost ippon))................. Wazaari

Hammer blow, delivered with knee ................. Hiza tsui

Hammer fist strike................. Tettsui uchi

Hand, arm................. Te

Hand/Arm, single................. Katate

Hands/Arms, both................. Ryote

Hand/Arm techniques................. Te-waza

Hand sword (similar to shuto uchi)................. Tegatana

Harmony; state of mind................. Wa

Harmony/Union (To meet/unite)................. Ai

Uniting with the life force................. Aiki

Way of uniting with the life force (way of harmony)................. Aikido

Throw employing principles of aiki................. Aiki nage

Joining techniques based on the principle of ki................. Aiki waza

Head................. Atama

Head, front of (forehead)................. Shomen

Head, top of................. Tento

Headband, cloth, worn in some traditional systems................. Teppi

Head butt................. Atama tsuki

Headmaster.................. see ‘Grand Master’

Heart................. see ‘Mind’

Headquarters................. Hombu

Heel................. Kakato

Heel kick................. Kakato geri

Heel trip................. Kibisu gaeshi

Helmet (worn by Japanese samurai)................. Kabuto

Helmet splitter (n), a type of war hammer or military pick ................. Hachiwari

Hidden................. Ura

Hidden................. see ‘Concealed’

Hip................. Koshi, Goshi (as in Ogoshi)

Hip strangle................. Koshi jime

Hip throw, major................. Ogoshi

Hip techniques................. Koshi waza

Hip wheel................. Koshi guruma

Hip wheel throw................. Koshi Guruma

Hold, lock................. Gatame

Hold, press................. Osae (from Osaeru - to hold)

Hold/Seize with both hands (v)................. Mochi

Hold-down condition (ref's call in contest judo)................. Osae komi

Hold-down techniques................. Osae komi waza

Hook punch................. Kagi tsuki

Horseback, combat on................. Kiba sen

‘How are you?’................. Ikaga desu ka?

Humility................ see ‘Egolessness’

‘I am sorry’................. Gomennasai

‘I don't understand’................. Wakarimasen

‘I quit, I'm beaten!’ (exclamation)................. Maitta

Individual exercises................. Tandoku renshu

Initiative I...... to take the initiative in the face of initiative (i.e., to respond to an aggressor at the same time or shortly thereafter, by "landing" one first. This is a form of interception)... Sen No Sen

Initiative II .......... To initiate an attack prior to the attack of the opponent. That is, to strike when intent is perceived, not during or after an attack has commenced. Sensen No Sen

Inner, or Strike................. Uchi

Inner reaping throw (minor)................. Kouchi gari

Inner Circle member (student), special disciple................. Uchideshi

Inner thigh throw................. Uchi mata

"Inner" secrets of a technique................. Higi

Inside middle block................. Uchi chudan uke

Instep................. Haisoku

Instep kick................. Haisoku geri

Invisibility, techniques of................. Majutsu

Invitation; ‘Please work with me’................. Onegai shimasu

Iron fan, art of................ Tessenjutsu

Jab................. Kizami tsuki

Jacket, as worn in jujutsu and judo................. Uwagi

Jaw, chin................. Ago

Joint locking techniques................. Kansetsu waza

Judo:

• Founder of Kodokan Judo................. Kano, Jigoro
• The "way of yielding/flexibility." Yielding has both physical and psychological dimensions and as such it also implies strategy. Thus, when attacked one does not simply yield but does so with a purpose
• World Headquarters in Japan (lit. "school for studying the way")................. Kodokan

Judo practitioner................. Judoka

Jujutsu................. The art of yielding and flexibility (physical and strategic). Generic term applied to all Japanese systems of hand to hand combat in which the opponents are unarmed or minimally armed

Jujutsu practioner................. Jujutsuka

Jujutsu, older name for................. Yawara

Jujutsu styles:

• Aiki Jujutsu................. Gentle art of uniting with the life force (developed from Oshikiuchi of the Aizu Clan)
• Daito Ryu Jujutsu................. Martial system originating in Aizu Clan. Based on principles of Aiki Jujutsu
• Goshin Jutsu................. Art designed for personal defense
• Hakko Ryu Jujutsu................. Martial system founded in 1941 by Okuyama Ryuho sensei
• Hapkido................. Korean martial art originally derived from Takeda's Daito Ryu Aiki Jujutsu
• Hojojutsu................. The martial art of tying with the rope
• Iaido................. The way of drawing and cutting with the katana
• Jikishin Ryu Judo................. Early jujutsu style dating from the 1600s
• Kito Ryu Jujutsu................. Founded in 1650 by Ibaragi Sensai sensei. Emphasizes throwing and served as basis for development of throws in judo
• Oshikiuchi................. Jujutsu style practiced by samurai of Aizu clan (lit. means to practice inside, suggesting need for secrecy)
• Shin no Shinto-ryu jujutsu................. Classical jujutsu style
• Sogo bujutsu................. Integrated martial arts combining weapons and unarmed combat
• Taiho jutsu................. System of combatives used by Japanese police
• Tenjin (also Tenshin) Shin Yo Ryu.....…… A classical jujutsu style developed by Iso Mataemon sensei in early 1800s. Stresses ground and striking techniques. Served as basis in development of judo
• Wa Shin Ryu Jujutsu................. A jujutsu style founded by Dr. Andrew Yiannakis in 1983. Stresses integration of Principles of Power (Ryoku Jo), Movement (Shintai Jo), Execution (Kake Jo) and Combat Strategy (Heiho)
• Yanagi Ryu Jujutsu................. Aiki Jujutsu style founded by Yoshida Kenji sensei

Jump; leap(n)................. Tobi

Jump, leap (v)................. Tobiagaru, tobu

Jumping front kick................. Mae tobi geri

Kata of Ancient Forms................. Koshiki No Kata

Kano, Jigoro.................. see ‘Judo’

Kiai, art of employing................. Kiaijutsu

Kick, double (jump)................. Nidan geri

Kick................. Geri

Kick, high front (to the face)................. Jodan mae geri

Kick, cutting................. Fumikiri

Kick, stamping with side of foot................. Fumikomi

Kick, thrusting, to groin region................. Gedan kekomi

Kick, snap................. Keage geri

Kicking techniques................. Keri waza

Knee (also hiza) ................. Hittsui

Knee strike ................. Hittsui geri/Hiza geri

Knee wheel ................. Hiza guruma

Knee lock press................. Hiza kansetsu osae

Knee, moving on one................. Shikko

Knees, walking on................. Shikko ho

Kneeling techniques................. Idori

Kneeling position................. Seiza

Knife, dagger................. Tanto

Knife edge of foot................. Sokuto

Knife-edge hand (also tegatana)................. Shuto

Knife hand strike................. Shuto uchi

Knife hand block................. Shuto uke

Kodokan.................. see ‘Judo’

Lapel................. see ‘Scarf’

Large................. see ‘Big’

Larynx.................. see ‘Throat’

Late initiative (after opponent's attack). Often defined as a counter attack. Uke is deceived and lured by Tori into initiating attack................. Go No Sen

Leap.................. see ‘Jump’

Leaping kick................. Tobi geri

Left, left side................. Hidari

Leg................. see ‘Foot’

Leg entanglement, single................. Kawazu gake

Leg wheel................. Ashi guruma

Leg crush................. Ashi hishigi

Leg scissors to body, application of................. Dojime

License……………. See ‘Catalog’

Life force................. see ‘Energy’

Lift, raise (as in tsuri goshi)................. Tsuri

Lift, single hand................. Katate age

Lift, high (embracing lift)................. Dakiage

Lifting hip throw................. Tsuri goshi

Lifting and pulling hip throw................. Tsuri komi goshi

Line, area where students line up................. Shimoseki

Lock................. see ‘Crush’

Lock.................. see ‘Hold’

Locking techniques.................. see ‘Joint locking techniques’

Low, below waist................. Gedan

Major................. see ‘Big’

Manifest................. see ‘Front’

Martial Arts. Fighting arts of Japan's warrior class.................. Bujutsu

Martial ways................. Budo

Master, sage................. Meijin

Mats, made of straw (used in the practice of certain martial arts (e.g., judo))................. Tatami

Meditation(n)................. Meiso

Meditation, contemplation(v). A meditative posture................. Mokuso

Method, law(n) (as in renko ho - methods of arrest) ................. Ho

Middle (of body)................. Chudan

Mind, will, spirit, heart................. Shin

Minor, small................. Ko

Modified, broken................. Kuzure

Mountain................. Yama

Mountain storm throw (technique used by Saigo Shiro in match between the

Kodoka and the jujutsu masters) ................. Yama arashi

Mountain warriors.................. Yama bushi

Movement control exercises/pivoting into position. Moving one's body to assume a particular position.................Taisabaki

Moving with one foot leading, the other following "Following feet"................. Tsugi ashi

Moving the body in different directions................. Shintai

Mutual benefit and welfare................. Jita kyoei

Natural posture, basic................. Shizen hontai

Natural posture, reflecting mind-body harmony. Stand at one with nature................. Shizentai

Near, close to................. Chikai

Neck................. Kubi

Neck, back of................. Keichu

Neck throw................. Kubi nage

Nerve techniques................. Shioku waza

New techniques (in judo)................. Shimmeisho No Waza

Nine................. Ku

Ninja, low rank................. Genin

‘No’................. Iye

No Mind (uncluttered mind). A mind not fixed on anything but open to everything................. Mushin

Nose................. Hana

Oath, blood................. Keppan

Open hand................. Kaisho

One................. Ichi

One, also the numeral (see also ‘Point’)................. Ippon

One step sparring................. Ippon kumite

One-arm shoulder throw................. Ippon Seoi Nage

Opponent, adversary................. Aita, also see ‘Enemy’

Organization................. see ‘Society’

Outside/outer (as in Osoto gari)................. Soto

Outer hooking throw (minor)................. Kosoto gake

Outer reaping throw (minor)................. Kosoto gari

Outer reaping throw (major)................. Osoto gari

Outer wheel throw (major)................. Osoto guruma

Outer winding throw (major)................. Osoto makikomi

Outer rising block................. Soto age uke

Outer winding throw................. Soto makikomi

Outer crescent kick................. Soto mikazuki geri

Outside knife-hand block................. Soto shuto uke

Outside forearm block................. Soto ude uke

Palm of the hand................. Shotei

Palm heel................. Teisho

Palm heel block................. Teisho uke

Palm heel strike................. Teisho uchi

Palm heel thrust................. Teisho tsuki

Pants, trousers................. Zubon

Pants, uniform................. Shitage

Pants, wide pleated (skirt-like) worn over regular judo or jujutsu pants................. Hakama

‘Pardon me’................. see ‘Excuse me’

Pillow scarf hold................. Makura kesagatame

Pistol against back................. Haimen zuke

Place of honor................. Kamiza

‘Please’................. Dozo

Point, minor (score) in judo contest (lit. effective)................. Koka

Point, full (score) in a judo contest (see also ‘One’)................. Ippon

Point value awarded in contest judo................. Yuko

Positioning (to execute technique)................. Tsukuri

Power (n)................. Ryoku

Powerful (adj)................. Kyoryoku

Practice, open (randori)................. Jiyu renshu

Practice, workout................. Geiko

Practice, exercise................. Renshu

Practice methods................. Renshu ho

Practice, free or spontaneous (unrehearsed)................. Randori

Practical application of a technique (as opposed to demonstration version)................. Oyo

Press.................. see ‘Hold’

Pressing block................. Osae uke

Pressure point, Vital point................. Kyusho

Pressure point tehniques, art of................. Kyusho-jutsu

Principles of movement (in Wa Shin Ryu Jujutsu)................. Shintai Jo

Principles, first level................. Ikkajo

Principles, second level................. Nikajo

Principles, third level (also upward reverse wrist hold in Aikido demonstrating third force or principle)................. Sankajo

Progress, depth (as in water), sacred way................. Shindo

Projection of life energy or vital force................. Kino dashikata

Pulling (n) ................. Hiki

Pull, pulling, drawing in (as in uchi komi)................. Komi

Punch, straight................. Choku tsuki

Punch, thrust to face (jab)................. Gammen tsuki

Punching board................. Makiwara

Push (v)................. Osu

Push (n)................. Oshi

Push, Two-shoulder................. Ryokata oshi

Push-down by pressing down on elbow................. Oshi taoshi

Raise................. see ‘Lift’

Rank, black belt................. Dan

Rank level below black belt................. Kyu

Rank, low. Non black belt holder. Mu signifies "nothing"................. Mudansha

Rank, high. Person holding advanced rank................. Kodansha

Rank: in classical martial arts systems equivalent to 4^th or 5^th degree black belt................. Renshi

Rank: in classical martial arts systems equivalent to 6^th or 7^th degree black belt................. Kyoshi

Rank: in classical martial arts systems equivalent to 8^th to 10^th degree black belt................. Hanshi

‘Ready’ (command)................. Yoi

Reap................. Gari

Reap, double (attack on both legs) minor outer leg................. Nidan kosotogari

Rear................. Ushiro

Rear bear hug................. Kakae dori (also ushiro dori)

Rear, collar hold................. Ushiro eri dori

Rear kick................. Ushiro geri

Rear hip throw................. Ushiro goshi

Rear corner strike................. Ushiro sumi tsuki

Rear sacrifice technique(s)................. Ma sutemi waza

Reaping throw, (major inner)................. Ouchi gari

Rebound (v), bounce back, return, restore, transform................. Hanekaeru

Rebound (n), bounce back, a return, a transformation................. Hanekaeri

Receive (v)................. Ukeru

Redirect.................. see ‘Turn’

Religion of Japan; ‘Way of the gods’................. Shinto

Re-orient.................. see ‘Turn’

Repeated execution of same technique (lit. inside pulling)................. Uchikomi

Repeated application of same or different techiques in same direction................. Renzoku waza

Restore................. see ‘Rebound’

Resuscitation techniques................. Kappo, Katsu

Return................. see ‘Rebound’

Reversal.................. see ‘Twist’

Reverse................. Gyaku, Ura

Reverse hand or arm (an arm bending technique)................. Gyaku te

Reverse punch................. Gyaku tsuki

Reversing or countering an aggressor's motion or force, process of................. Kirikaeshi

Rib cage, edge of................. Getsuei

Ridge hand................. Haito

Ridge hand strike (near thumb and forefinger area) ................. Haito uchi

Right (side) ................. Migi

Right lapel hold................. Migi eri dori

Right defensive posture................. Migi jigotai

Right natural posture................. Migi shizentai

Rising.................. see ‘Upward’

Roster of class attendance................. Eimeiroku

Rotating, turning (n)................. Tenkai (e.g., Tenkai kote hinieri)

Rotate in a semi circle around own axis (form of taisabaki) (v)................. Zen tenkan

Roundhouse (circular) elbow strike................. Mawashi empi uchi

Roundhouse kick................. Mawashi geri

Roundhouse punch................. Mawashi tsuki

Sacred way................. see ‘Progress’

Sacrifice techniques. Throwing from one's back................. Sutemi-waza

Samurai, masterless................. Ronin

Sandals, thongs (dojo footwear)................. Zori

Scabbard................. Saya

Scarf, lapel, across................. Kesa

Scarf hold................. Kesa gatame

Scarf hold, modified/broken................. Kuzure kesa gatame

School, training hall, place of the "Path" or the "Way" (where the art is practiced)................. Dojo

Scooping throw................. Sukui nage

Scroll................. Makimono

Seat of honor in dojo................. Joseki

Secret................. see ‘Concealed’

Secret, Inner/hidden teachings of a system................. Okuden

Secret teachings/principles................. Okugi

Seize.................. see ‘Hold’

Seize, grapple with................. Kumi

Seizing the gi in judo, methods of................. Kumikata

Seizing hilt of sword.................Tsuka dori

Seizing opponent's arm with two hands................. Ryote dori

Seizing opponent's clothing for close quarter fighting, methods of................. Kumi uchi

Selflessness................. see ‘Egolessness’

Separation (n).................. Wakari (From wakaru, to separate, divide)

Sequence of techniques................. Kata

Seven................. Shichi

Shift................. see ‘Displace’

Shifting hip throw................. Utsuri goshi

Shin................. Mukozune

Shin strike................. Mukozune geri

Short staff, art of................. Hanbojutsu

Short sword................. Wakizashi (lit. side companion)

Shoulder; on the back (Shoulder)................. Seoi

Shoulder throw (ippon or morote)................. Seoinage

Shoulder turn................. Kata mawashi

Shoulder. Also means "A formal sequence of techniques"................. Kata

Shoulder, seizing the................. Kata dori

Shoulder wheel throw................. Kata guruma

Side................. Yoko

Shout or yell. Harmonizing the vital force................. Kiai

Side; on the................. Waki

Side joint lock (to elbow)................. Waki gatame

Side elbow strike................. Yoko empi uchi

Side body drop (throw)................. Yoko gake

Side kick................. Yoko geri

Side wheel................. Yoko guruma

Side of head, strike to................. Yoko men uchi

Side kick, jumping................. Yoko tobi geri

Side drop................. Yoko otoshi

Side four quarters holding technique................. Yoko shiho gatame

Side sacrifice technique(s)................. Yoko sutemi waza

Side strike................. Yoko uchi

Side separation (throw)................. Yoko wakari

Sitting, cross legged (not same as seiza) ................. Anza

Six (numeral)................. Roku

Slash, cut................. Kiri

Sleeve................. Sode

Sleeve, seizing the................. Sode dori

Sleeve, lifting pulling hip throw................. Sode tsuri komi goshi

Sliding................. Okuri

Sliding foot sweep................. Okuri ashi barai

Sliding collar strangle................. Okuri eri jime

Small................. see ‘Minor’

Smashing (Kito Ryu technique)................. Uchikudaki

Snap kick................................ Keage geri

Snap kick with knife edge of foot................. Sokuto keage geri

Society, organization, club................. Kai (Kwai)

Solar plexus................. Suigetsu

Sparring, freestyle combat training................. Kumite

Sparring, free................. Jiyu kumite

Spear................. Yari

Spear hand................. Nukite

Spear, the art of................. Sojutsu

Spreading fingers when wrist is seized................. Kaisho no den

Spirit................. see ‘Mind’

Spring................. Hane

Springing hip throw................. Hane goshi

Springing winding throw................. Hane makikomi

Staff (about six feet long)................. Bo

Staff, art of................. Bojutsu

Staff (short), about four feet. Also principle, high, upper................. Jo

Staff (short) techniques................. Jojutsu

Stance, attention................. Heisoku dachi

Stances, basic attack/defense................. Kamae

Stance, crossed leg................. Kosa dachi

Stance, defensive................. Jigotai

Stance, fighting................. Shobu dachi

Stance, forward................. Zenkutsu dachi

Stance, horse................. Kiba dachi

Stance, (natural) left................. Hidari shizen tai

Stance, ready (yoi)................. Hachigi dachi

Stance, rooted................. Fudo dachi

Stance, standing................. Dachi (also Tachi)

Stance, T................. Teiji dachi

Standing bow................. Tachi (also Dachi) rei

Standing techniques................. Tachi-waza

Stomach punch................. Tsukkake

Stop! Finish! cease! (command)................. Yame!

Straddle................. Kiba

Strangle................. Jime, Shime

Strangle, half cross................. Kata juji jime

Strangle, hell................. Jigoku jime

Strangle, naked................. Hadaka jime

Strangle, single hand................. Katate jime

Strangle, reverse cross................. Gyaku juji jime

Strangle, single wing................. Kata ha jime

Strangle, thrust................. Tsukkomi jime

Strangle, triangular................. Sankaku jime

Strangling techniques................. Shime waza

Strangling with two hands................. Ryote jime

Strategy and principles, Military................. Heiho

Strength, physical................. Chikara

Strength comparison (an ancient combat method)................. Chikara kurabe Strength (power) dodging (technique)................. Ryokuhi

Striking techniques................. Uchi waza

Striking techniques with hand/fist (jabbing)................. Tsuki Waza

Strike, single knuckle fist................. Ippon ken (tsuki)

Strike, back of wrist (bent wrist)................. Koken uchi

Strike, downward................. Uchi oroshi

Strike, double forward fist................. Morote tsuki

Strike to front of head (face)................. Shomen uchi

Student, disciple,................. Deshi, Seito

Student, junior (in seniority and/or rank) ................. Kohai

Student, senior................. Sempai

Suicide, ritual (in feudal Japan).................. Seppuku, Hara kiri (lit. stomach slash)

Summer judo practice................. Shochugeiko

Swallow foot counter technique................. Tsubame gaeshi

Sweep................. Harai

Sweep, front foot................. De ashi barai

Sweep, lift-pull foot................. Harai tsurikomi ashi

Sweeping hip throw................. Harai goshi

Sword, The way of the (Japanese martial art)................. Kendo

Sword; Combat Forms (of attack and defense) with live swords................. Shinken Shobu No Kata

Sword (long), Japanese................. Katana

Sword, wooden................. Bokken

Sword, real; live blade (n)................. Shinken

System or style of martial art (suggests continuity)................. Ryu

System with classical martial traditions................. Ryuha

Teach, transmit (v)................. Den

Teacher:

• Teacher; "born before"................. Sensei
• Instructor (below sensei)................. Shidoin
• "Great expert," Professor (reserved for very high ranks)................. Shihan
• Master Teacher................. Shihanke

Teaching:

• Shoden, ................ First level transmission of knowledge
• Kan................. Intuitive perception. A traditional way (and often silent) of learning martial arts. Student learns by example, not through discussion or explanation
• Kuden................. Teachings (oral) of a martial system; transmissions
• Densho................. Teachings and traditions (written) of a martial system
• Menkyo................. Teaching license in classical martial arts systems
• Kaiden................. First level teaching license in classical martial arts systems
• Menkyo kaiden................. Highest teaching license in classical martial arts systems (implies transmission of all knowledge)
• Manabu................. To learn by imitating (the instructor)

Technique................. Waza

Technique execution, principles of (in Wa Shin Ryu Jujutsu)................. Kake Jo

Technique, execution phase of a................. Kake

Ten (numeral). Also yielding, flexibility................. Ju

‘Thank you very much’................. Domo arigato

‘That's all’; ‘the end!’ (command)................. Sore Made

Third degree black belt holder................. Sandan

Thirty................. San-ju

Three................. San

Throat, Larynx, Adam's apple................. Chikake

Throw (v)................. Nageru

Throwing, forms................. Nage no kata

Throwing techniques................. Nage waza

Throwing darts/stars, etc. ................. Shuriken

Thrust (v)................. Tsuku

Thrust, jab (n)................. Tsuki

Tie................. see ‘Draw’

Tired, fatigued (adj)................. Tsukareteiru

Tournament................. see ‘Championship’

Training (n)................. Geiko

Tranquil or peaceful mind................. Heian

Transform................. see ‘Rebound’

Turn, redirect, re-orient (v)................. Tenkan, also see ‘Twist’

Twenty................. Ni-ju

Twenty one................. Ni-ju-ichi

Twist, turn, reversal (n)................. Gaeshi

Twisting the arm (wrist) outwards................. Kote gaeshi

Twisting the arm (wrist) inwards................. Kote hinieri

Twist, arm................. Kote mawari

Twist (or lock), circular wrist................. Kote mawashi

Two................. Ni

Two; both................. Ryo

Two arms/hands................. Morote

Two hand reap (throw)................. Morote gari

Two hand strangle (hands press on carotid arteries)................. Morote jime

Two arm cross block................. Morote juji uke

Two arm shoulder throw................. Morote seoi nage

Two finger spear hand................. Nihon nukite

Unarmed body arts................. Taijutsu

Unarmed close quarter techniques................. Hakuda

Uncentering................. see ‘Balance’

‘Understand?’ (Do you…)................. Wakarimas?

Uniform, for martial arts (as in judogi)................. Gi

Uniform, for practicing the way (of the martial arts)................. Dogi

Upper (includes head region)................. Jodan, also see ‘Staff (short)’

Upper/rising block................. Age uke

Uppercut, Rising punch................. Tsuki age

Upward, rising................. Age

Upward elbow strike.................. Age empi uchi

Valley drop (throw)................. Tani otoshi

Variation, development or derivation from a basic form or technique................. Henka

Vigilance................. see ‘End vigilance’

Visible................. see ‘Front’

Vital energy................. see ‘Energy’

Vow, upon joining a classical martial art system................. Kishomon

‘Wait!’ (command)................. Matte

Walking, natural................. Ayumi ashi

Warm-up exercises................. Jumbi undo

Warning................. see ‘Caution’

Warrior class................. Bushi

Warrior, way of the................. Bushido

Warriors, lower ranking of feudal Japan................. Samurai

Water (that which flows)................. Mizu

Water wheel (throw) ................. Mizu guruma

Waterfall drop................. Taki otoshi

Way, A spiritual path................. Do

Weapons (small arms such as pistol, katana, knife, etc.).......Buki

Weapons, hidden/small, art of................ Kakushi jutsu

Wheel................. Guruma (as in Oguruma)

Wheel, major (throw)................. Oguruma

‘Where?’................. Doko?

Will................. see ‘Mind’

‘Win!’ (referee's exclamation in contest judo)................. Kachi

Windpipe/base of throat................. Hichu

Winner (by decision in contest judo)................. Yusei gachi

Winter judo training................. Kangeiko

Wrapping/winding................. Maki (as in makikomi)

Wrapping reversal................. Maki gaeshi

Wrist................. Tekubi (lit. neck of hand)

Wrist, seizing opponent's with both hands................. Katate dori ryote mochi

Wrist, cross hold, single hand................. Katate kosa dori

Wrist hold, single hand (same side)................. Katate dori

Wrist press................. Tekubi osae

Wrist pull................. Tekubi tori

Year (calendar)................. Toshi

Yell................. see ‘Shout’

‘Yes’................. Hai

Yielding................. see ‘Flexible’, ‘Ten’

‘You are welcome!’................. Doitashi mashite

Counting to Ten in Japanese

One- Ichi
Two- Ni
Three- San
Four- Shi
Five- Go
Six- Roku
Seven- Shichee
Eight- Hachi
Nine- Ku
Ten- Ju

Days of the Week

Monday - Getsuyobi
Tuesday - Kayobi
Wednesday - Yobi
Thursday - Mokuyobi
Friday - Kin Yobi
Saturday - Doyobi
Sunday - Nichiyobi

Today - Kyo
Yesterday - Kino
Tomorrow - Ashita
Month - Tsuki (n)
Year - Toshi (calendar)

Rank System in Wa Shin Ryu Jujutsu

Rokkyu - 6th Level
Gokyu - 5th Level
Yonkyu - 4th Level
Sankyu - Third Level
Nikyu - 2nd Level
Ikkyu - 1st Level
Shodan - 1st Degree
Nidan - 2nd Degree
Sandan - 3rd Degree
Yodan (or Yondan) - 4th Degree (Renshi)
Godan - 5th Degree (Renshi)
Rokudan - 6th Degree (Kyoshi)
Shichidan - 7th degree (Kyoshi)
Hachidan - 8th Degree (Hanshi
Kudan - 9th Degree (Hanshi)
Judan - 10th Degree (Shihan)

Thank you very much - Domo Arigato
You are welcome - Doi Tashi Mashite

NOTE: Kindly report errors or omissions to Andrew Yiannakis at: ayian@attglobal.net